A significant role is played among mental illnesses syndromes (symptom complexes), united in a group of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), got its name from the Latin terms and obsessio compulsio.
Obsessions (Latin obsessio -. The imposition of the siege, a blockade).
Compulsions (Latin compello -. Urge). 1. Obsessive desire, a kind of obsessive-compulsive phenomena (obsessions). Characterized by an irresistible attraction, arising in spite of reason, will, feelings. Often, they are unacceptable to the patient treating
buy zoloft online, contrary to his moral and ethical qualities. In contrast to the impulsive drives compulsions are not implemented. These drives are realized by the patient as abnormal and painful they are experienced, especially since their very emergence due to its incomprehensibility often creates a sense of fear in the patient 2. The term compulsions used in a broader sense to refer to any obsessions in the motor area, including obsessive rituals.
In domestic psychiatry under the compulsions understood psychopathological phenomenon, characterized by the fact that the content of certain phenomena occur repeatedly in the patient's consciousness, accompanied by a painful sense of compulsion [Zinoviev PM, 193I]. For NS characterized by involuntary, even against the wishes of, the occurrence of obsessions with a clear mind. Although obsessions alien, extraneous to the patient's psyche, but to get rid of them the patient is not able to. They are closely related to the emotional sphere, accompanied by depressive reactions, feelings of anxiety. As a symptom, according to SL Sukhanov [1912], "parasitic", they do not affect the course of intellectual property in general, are still alien to the thinking, not lead to a decrease in its level, although degrade performance and productivity of the mental activity of the patient. Throughout disease to obsessive preserved a critical attitude. NS It is divided into obsessions in intellectual and affective (phobias) and motor (compulsions) areas, but most of the structure of disease obsessions joined several of their species. Isolation obsessions abstract, affectively indifferent, unconcerned by their content, for example, aritmomanii, rarely justified; Analysis psychogenesis neurosis often allows you to see the basis for compulsive accounts expressed affective (depressive) motivated. Along with the basic obsessions whose connection with psychogenic obvious, there are "cryptogenic" when the cause of the painful experiences hidden [Svyadosch LM, 1959]. NS observed mainly in individuals with psychasthenic character. It is particularly characterized by obsessive fears. In addition, NS It occurs within the neurosis states at slow schizophrenia, endogenous depression, epilepsy, consequences of traumatic brain injury, somatic diseases, mainly hypochondriac, phobic or nozofobichesky syndrome. Some researchers identify the so-called "Obsessive-compulsive disorder," which is characterized by a predominance in the clinical picture of obsessive-compulsive disorder - the memories, reproducing psychogenic-traumatic situation, thoughts, fears and actions. The genesis of playing the role of: trauma; conditioned reflex stimuli become pathogenic due to their coincidence with other, previously called the feeling of fear; the situation became psychogenic in connection with the confrontation of opposing tendencies [Svyadosch, A.M., 1982]. It should be noted that the same authors emphasize that N.n.s. It occurs at different features of nature, but most often in psychasthenic personalities.
At present, almost all the obsessions are united in the International Classification of Diseases, the term "obsessive-compulsive disorder."
ROC Concept has undergone a fundamental reassessment for the past 15 years. During this time, completely revised clinical and epidemiological significance of the ROC. If earlier it was believed that this - rarely meet any condition observed in a small number of people, it is now known: OCD is common and provides a large percentage of morbidity that requires urgent attention attracting psychiatrists worldwide. Parallel to this expanded our understanding of the etiology of OCD: vaguely worded definition of psychoanalytic past two decades was replaced neurochemical paradigm, exploring neurotransmitter disturbances that underlie OCD. And, most significantly, the pharmacological intervention aimed specifically at serotonergic neurotransmission, revolutionized the prospects of recovery of millions of patients suffering from OCD, in all the world.
The discovery that intense inhibition of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) is the key to effective treatment of OCD, it was the first stage of the revolution and stimulated clinical trials that have shown the effectiveness of such selective inhibitors.
According to the description given in the ICD-10, the main features of OCD are repeated obsessions (obsessional) thoughts and compulsive actions (rituals).